Resumo. Practice is necessary but not sufficient for learning. Why is that the case? In this editorial, I invite the readers to consider what is the role of practice in motor skill acquisition and to read the contributions of well-known researchers in the area to this special issue. Through a summary of the diverse offered opinions, I provide a potential heuristic view that demonstrates what are the new venues on the theme. As it seems, the question remains unanswered and challenges to answer it abound. This special issue sets the starting point for a needed research agenda on the theme.